What are the methods of ceramic precision machining

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Precision ceramic materials have different processing methods according to different performance requirements. At present, the main addition methods include mechanical processing, electrical processing, ultrasonic processing, laser processing and composite processing.
1.Machining of ceramic materials
Machining of ceramic materials mainly includes turning, grinding, drilling, grinding and polishing. (1) Turning of ceramic materials
Turning mainly uses diamond tools to cut ceramic materials with high hardness and high wear resistance. Polycrystalline diamond tools are difficult to produce smooth cutting edges, and are generally only used for rough machining; for fine turning of ceramic materials, natural single crystal diamond tools are used, and micro-cutting is used during cutting. Because ceramic materials have very high hardness and brittleness, it is difficult to guarantee the accuracy of turning. Therefore, there are not many applications of turning processing, which is basically still in the research stage.
(2) Grinding of ceramic materials
Grinding of ceramic materials is one of the most widely used processing methods. Diamond wheels are generally used for grinding wheels. Different scholars have different explanations on the grinding mechanism of diamond wheels, but in general, one thing is common, that is, brittle fracture is the main reason for material removal. In the grinding process, the removal of chips is a major problem, and it is generally cleaned with a cooling working fluid. The cooling liquid not only plays the role of washing the chip powder, but also can reduce the temperature in the grinding zone, improve the grinding quality, and reduce the thermal decomposition of the binder around the abrasive particles. Grinding fluids generally use grinding fluids with good cleaning performance and low viscosity. Diamond grinding wheels have different grinding characteristics due to the different types of binders and the concentration of abrasive particles. Diamond particle size is another major factor affecting the surface quality of ceramic workpieces. The larger the particles, the greater the roughness of the processed surface, but the higher the processing efficiency.
(3) Drilling of ceramic materials
掏 The cutting of ceramic materials mostly uses cutting drills. The structure of the cutting drill is a ring diamond wheel welded to a hollow steel pipe, and the welding process is silver welding. When drilling ceramic materials, the diamond wheel rotates at high speed, and the diamond abrasive grains on the end face are used to cut the material.
(4) Grinding and polishing
In some areas of industrial production, grinding alone cannot meet the surface finish requirements of ceramic parts, and grinding and polishing are usually used. On the other hand, ceramic materials have less toughness and greater brittleness, and their strength is easily affected by surface cracks. The rougher the machined surface, the larger the surface cracks, the more likely stress concentration occurs, and the lower the strength of the workpiece. Therefore, grinding is not only to achieve a certain degree of roughness and high shape accuracy, but also to improve the strength of the workpiece. Polishing is a finishing process that uses a soft polisher and fine powder abrasive particles to act on the workpiece at a lower pressure.
Source: Mingjue Ceramics Time: 2019.12.03 Website: www.mingjuetaoci.com

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